export controlled fermenters

[Anonymous <nobody@replay.com>]

http://www.acda.gov/factshee/wmd/bw/auslist.htm



LIST OF DUAL-USE BIOLOGICAL EQUIPMENT
FOR EXPORT CONTROL

1. Complete containment facilities at P3, P4 containment level

Complete containment facilities that meet the criteria for P3 or P4 (BL3,
BL4, L3, L4) containment as specified in the WHO Laboratory Biosafety
manual (Geneva, 1983) are subject to export control. 

2. Fermenters*

Fermenters capable of cultivation of pathogenic micro-organisms, viruses or
for toxin production, without the propagation of aerosols, and having all
the following characteristics:


(a) capacity equal to or greater than 100 litres;
*Sub-groups of fermenters include bioreactors, chemostats and
continuous-flow systems.

3. Centrifugal Separators*

Centrifugal separators capable of the contiuous separation of pathogenic
micro-organisms, without the propagation of aerosols, and having all the
following characteristics:


(a) flow rate greater than 100 litres per hour;
(b) components of polished stainless steel or titanium;

(c) double or multiple sealing joints within the steam containment area; 

(d) capable of in-situ steam sterilization in a closed state.

*Centrifugal separators include decanters.

4. Cross-flow Filtration Equipment

Cross-flow filtration equipment capable of continuous separation of
pathogenic microorganisms, viruses, toxins and cell cultures without the
propagation of aerosols, having all the following characteristics:


(a) equal to or greater than 5 square metres;
(b) capable of in-situ sterilization.

5. Freeze-drying Equipment

Steam sterilizable freeze-drying equipment with a condensor capacity
greater than 50 kgs of ice in 24 hours and less than 1000 kgs of ice in 24
hours.

6. Equipment that incorporates or is contained in P3 or P4 (BL3, BL4, L3,
L4) containment housing, as follows:


(a) Independently ventilated protective full or half suits;
(b) Class III biological safety cabinets or isolators with similar
performance standards.

7. Aerosol inhalation chambers

Chambers designed for aerosol challenge testing with microorganisms,
viruses or toxins and having a capacity of 1 cubic metre or greater.

The experts propose that the following item be included in awareness
raising guidelines to industry:

1. Equipment for the micro-encapsulation of live micro-organisms and toxins
in the range of 1-10 um particle size, specifically:


(a) Interfacial polycondensors;
(b) Phase separators.

2. Fermenters of less than 100 litre capacity with special emphasis on
aggregate orders or designs for use in combined systems.

3. Conventional or turbulent air-flow clean-air rooms and self-contained
fan-HEPA filter units that may be used for P3 or P4 (BL3, BL4, L3, L4)
containment facilities. 



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AUSTRALIA GROUP
LIST OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS FOR EXPORT
CONTROL CORE LIST1

Viruses

V1. Chikungunya virus
V2. Congo-Crimean haemorrhagic fever virus
V3. Dengue fever virus
V4. Eastern equine encephalitis virus
V5. Ebola virus
V6. Hantaan virus
V7. Junin virus
V8. Lassa fever virus
V9. Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus
V10. Machupo virus
V11. Marburg virus
V12. Monkey pox virus
V13. Rift Valley fever virus
V14. Tick-borne encephalitis virus (Russian Spring-Summer encephalitis virus)
V15. Variola virus
V16. Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus
V17. Western equine encephalitis virus
V18. White pox
V19. Yellow fever virus
V20. Japanese encephalitis virus

Rickettsiae

R1. Coxiella burnetii
R2. Bartonella Quintana (Rochalimea quintana, Rickettsia quintana)
R3. Rickettsia prowasecki
R4. Rickettsia rickettsii

Bacteria

B1. Bacillus anthracis
B2. Brucella abortus
B3. Brucella melitensis
B4. Brucella suis
B5. Chlamydia psittaci
B6. Clostridium Botulinum
B7. Francisella tularensis
B8. Burkholderia mallei (pseudomonas mallei)
B9. Burkholderia pseudomallei (pseudomonas pseudomallei)
B10. Salmonella typhi
B11. Shigella dysenteriae
B12. Vibrio cholerae
B13. Yersinia pestis

Genetically Modified Micro-organisms

G1. Genetically modified micro-organisms or genetic elements that contain
nucleic acid sequences associated with pathogenicity and are derived from
organisms in the core list.

G2. Genetically modified micro-organisms or genetic elements that contain
nucleic acid sequences coding for any of the toxins in the core list, or
their subunits.

Toxins as follow and subunits thereof:2

T1. Botulinum toxins
T2. Clostridium perfringens toxins
T3. Conotoxin
T4. Ricin
T5. Saxitoxin
T6. Shiga toxin
T7. Staphylococcus aureaus toxins
T8. Tetrodotoxin
T9. Verotoxin
T10. Microcystin (Cyanginosin)
T11. Alflatoxins

__________________

1. Except where the agent is in the form of a vaccine.
2. Excluding immunotoxins.



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WARNING LIST1
Viruses

WV1. Kyasanur Forest virus
WV2. Louping ill virus
WV3. Murray Valley encephalitis virus
WV4. Omsk haemorrhagic fever virus
WV5. Oropouche virus
WV6. Powassan virus
WV7. Rocio virus
WV8. St. Louis encephalitis virus

Bacteria

WB1. Clostridium perfringens*
WB2. Clostridium tetani*
WB3. Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli, serotype 0157 and other verotoxin
producing serotypes
WB4. Legionella pneumophila
WB5. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis

Genetically Modified Micro-organisms

WG1. Genetically modified micro-organisms or genetic elements that contain
nucleic acid sequences associated with pathogenicity and are derived from
organisms in the warning list.

WG2. Genetically modified micro-organisms or genetic elements that contain
nucleic acid sequences coding for any of the toxins in the warning list, or
their subunits.

Toxins as follow and subunits thereof:2

WT1. Abrin
WT2. Cholera toxin
WT3. Tetanus toxin
WT4. Trichothecene mycotoxins
WT5. Modeccin
WT6. Volkensin
WT7. Viscum Album Lectin 1 (Viscumin)

__________________

*The Australia Group recognizes that these organisms are ubiquitous, but,
as they have been acquired in the past as part of biological weapons
programs, they are worthy of special caution.

1. Except where the agent is in the form of a vaccine.

2. Excluding immunotoxins.



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AUSTRALIA GROUP
LIST OF ANIMAL PATHOGENS FOR EXPORT CONTROL1

Viruses

AV1. African swine fever virus
AV2. Avian influenza virus2
AV3. Bluetongue virus
AV4. Foot and mouth disease virus
AV5. Goat pox virus
AV6. Herpes virus (Aujeszky's disease)
AV7. Hog cholera virus (synonym: Swine fever virus)
AV8. Lyssa virus
AV9. Newcastle disease virus
AV10. Peste des petits ruminants virus
AV11. Porcine enterovirus type 9 (synonym: swine vesicular disease virus)
AV12. Rinderpest virus
AV13. Sheep pox virus
AV14. Teschen disease virus
AV15. Vesicular stomatitis virus

_____________________

1. Except where the agent is in the form of a vaccine.

2. This includes only those Avian influenza viruses of high pathogenicity
as defined in EC Directive 92/401EC:

"Type A viruses with an IVPI (intravenous pathogenicity index) in 6 week
old chickens of greater than 1.2, or

Type A viruses HS or H7 subtype for which nucleotide sequencing has
demonstrated multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site of
haemegglutinin."

Bacteria

AB3. Mycoplasma mycoides

Genetically-modified Micro-organisms

AG1. Genetically modified micro-organisms or genetic elements that contain
nucleic acid sequences associated with pathogenicity and are derived from
organisms in the list.



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AUSTRALIA GROUP 
CONTROL LIST OF PLANT PATHOGENS FOR EXPORT CONTROL

CORE LIST

Baceria

PB1. Xanthomonas albilineans
PB2. Xanthomonas campestris pv. citri

Fungi

PF1. Colletotrichum coffeanum var. virulans (Colletotrichum Kanawae)
PF2. Cochliobolus miyabeanus (Helminthosporium oryzae)
PF3. Microcyclus ulei (syn. Dothidella ulei)
PF4. Puccinia graminis (syn. Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici)
PF5. Puccinia striiformis (syn. Pucciniaglumarum)
PF6. Pyricularia grisea/Pyricularia oryzae

Genetically-modified Micro-organisms

PG1. Genetically-modified micro-organisms or genetic elements that contain
nucleic acid sequences associated with pathogenicity derived from the plant
pathogens identified on the export control list.



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ITEMS FOR INCLUSION IN AWARENESS RAISING GUIDELINES
Bacteria

PWB1. Xanthomonas campestris pv. oryzae
PWB2. Xylella fastidiosa

Fungi

PWF1. Deuterophoma tracheiphila (syn. Phoma tracheiphila)
PWF2. Monilia rorei (syn. Moniliophthora rorei)

Viruses

PWV1 Banana bunchy top virus

Genetically-modified Micro-organisms

PWG1 Genetically-modified micro-organisms or genetic elements that contain
nucleic acid sequences associated with pathogenicity derived from the plant
pathogens identified on the awareness raising list.